Audi to launch the cleanest diesel in the world
- Audi will be first manufacturer to meet future emissions limits
- High-volume model series to include ‘e’ models in future
- Integrated strategy cuts fuel consumption and emissions
From mid-2008 Audi will be putting the cleanest diesel technology in the world into series production. The new TDI engines with their ultra-low emission system combine the spontaneous performance and superior pulling power of today’s TDI power units with outstanding fuel consumption figures and incomparably low emissions. Indeed, they will already undercut the most stringent emissions limits that are to be applied in the future in Europe as soon as production starts. Just as the entire Audi range complied with the Euro 4 standard and the forthcoming Euro 5 emissions limits years in advance, the Ingolstadt brand is once again set to assume its role as the pioneer of groundbreaking technology.
For Audi, the trendsetting TDI engine is a core element of its integrated technology strategy. “We intend to consolidate the status of the TDI as a highly efficient form of propulsion on a sustained basis. And in future we will be launching ‘e’ model variants designed for optimised fuel consumption in the high-volume model series – either in TDI guise or as petrol models with state-of-the-art TFSI technology,” says Rupert Stadler, Chairman of the AUDI AG Board of Management.
Maximum efficiency is the recipe for success
“Audi is a trailblazer when it comes to diesel power. Since 1989, over 4.5 millions cars have rolled off the production line with the highly efficient TDI technology under the bonnet. By equipping the R10 TDI sports prototype with this technology, we have just won the 24 Hours of Le Mans with a diesel-powered car for the second time. The Audi R8 racing cars with TFSI petrol direct injection took victory on five occasions at Le Mans. We have been incorporating the key findings from the world of motorsport directly into series-production development,” emphasises Michael Dick, Board Member for Technical Development at AUDI AG. “By so doing, we are demonstrating how TDI and TFSI represent the ultimate in efficiency, driving pleasure and economy both on the road and on the racetrack.”
The latest TDI generation sees Audi reaffirm its leadership claim in the field of ultra-sophisticated diesel technology. When Audi started up series production of the first passenger-car TDI engine in 1989, it marked a key milestone in the advancement of automotive technology. Audi TDI soon became a byword for supreme pulling power plus maximum efficiency and, what's more, the pacemaker for the automotive industry as a whole. Even today, the spontaneous performance combined with extremely low fuel consumption achieved by the turbocharged direct-injection diesel engine remains unsurpassed by any other drive system under realistic conditions.
Consistent strategy throughout all model series
With its latest generation of TDI engines, Audi is now out to prove that this high-tech drive unit still has high potential and a guaranteed future: thanks to the optimised combustion process and the inclusion of an ultra-low emission system, these models comply with the BIN 5 emissions requirements in the US as well as meeting the toughest standards expected to come into force in Europe for the foreseeable future.
Audi is kicking off its consistent TDI strategy for 2008 with the three-litre V6 units in the Audi A4 and Audi Q7. Developing 176 kW (240 bhp) and a supreme peak torque of 500 Nm in the Audi A4 and 550 Nm in the Audi Q7, they boast the sublime dynamism combined with relatively low fuel consumption that is the hallmark of any Audi. Additional models will follow in rapid succession, with Audi seeking to extend the new technology to other vehicle classes and power categories by 2010.
Innovative technology for minimised emissions
This new technology from Audi takes the TDI principle of diesel direct injection with turbocharging that has been proven a million times over and launches it into a whole new dimension. To do this, the diesel-engine development engineers at Audi have incorporated a whole raft of innovative measures into the latest TDI generation: the new piezoelectric common-rail system with an injection pressure of 2,000 bar, the extremely efficient exhaust gas recirculation and optimised turbocharging bring about a dramatic cut in untreated engine emissions. One of the highlights are the combustion chamber sensors that enable even more precise regulation of the combustion processes in the engine – this is the first time that such sensors have been fitted on any engine in the world, marking yet another Audi innovation.
The status of the new-generation TDI as the definitive clean-running, high-tech diesel is sealed by the downstream ultra-low emission system which reduces nitrogen oxide emissions by up to 90 percent. The ultra-low emission system runs on a biodegradable additive in the form of a solution called AdBlue. Tiny doses of this solution are injected upstream from the DeNOx catalytic converter. The ultra-low emission system as a whole comprises the catalytic converter, the metering module, the AdBlue tank and heated lines, as well as an extensive system of sensors. The comprehensive emission control system is rounded off by the separate two-way catalytic converter and the highly efficient, electronically controlled diesel particulate filter.
Great potential for reducing fuel consumption all around the world
Thanks to their extremely low emission levels, these cutting-edge direct-injection diesel engines can be put into service anywhere in the world, even in the US state of California where the most stringent emissions limits are enforced. Compared to the average fleet consumption of petrol engines typically fitted in the USA, the TDI offers a fuel saving of as much as 35 percent. As a consequence, diesel technology can make a greater contribution to reducing the consumption of fossil fuels and emissions of environmentally harmful greenhouse gases than any other form of propulsion currently available. Audi will be marketing these new models in the USA and in Europe from the second half of 2008.
Extensive package for cutting CO2 emissions
Perfecting the TDI forms part of Audi's integrated technology strategy for further reducing emissions of CO2 and other harmful gases from all models. Apart from this, Audi is also counting on the tremendous potential held by its sophisticated combustion engines: with their direct-injection technology and turbochargers, the TFSI petrol engines – just like the TDI powerplants – distinguish themselves even today by virtue of fuel consumption figures which compare favourably to the competition.
As a result of this strategy, many Audi TDI and TFSI models will in future deploy an innovative power management system which capitalises on coasting and braking phases by recuperating and storing electrical power. Furthermore, a next-generation start-stop system is currently being developed which lives up to Audi’s standards of comfort.
High-volume model series to include ‘e’ models
Meticulous refinement throughout the entire vehicle also helps to significantly reduce fuel consumption. Optimised rolling resistance, a further reduction in air drag, specially tuned gear ratios, reduced friction and redeveloped ancillary units are just a few of the devices used by Audi to continuously enhance the efficiency of its entire model fleet. With their high torque at low rev speeds, the turbocharged, direct-injection petrol and diesel engines from Audi come with the ideal credentials for an optimised gearbox set‑up that enables the vehicle to be driven with the engine running at its most efficient.
The success of this strategy is exemplified by the ‘e’ models which are already in series production. Take the current Audi A3 1.9 TDI e, for instance, with its exemplary standardised fuel consumption of just 4.5 litres/100 km (overall) and CO2 emissions of 119 grams per kilometre. In future, Audi will be enlarging its range of extra-efficient models considerably and offering both TDI and TFSI versions of ‘e’ models in the high-volume model series.
Hybrid systems for a number of models
Nevertheless, there may also be a call for a hybrid system designed for individual markets and to meet specific requirements. Audi is developing hybrid systems for a number of model series and will put them into series production wherever it sees this as producing significant benefits for customers. Audi unveiled the Audi Q7 hybrid study with an electric motor integrated into the driveline between engine and gearbox back in 2005. Designed as a “full” hybrid, as it is known, the Audi Q7 can run on either the petrol engine or the electric motor alone or be powered by both in unison. During phases when the vehicle is coasting or braking, kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy, fed to the battery and then transformed into propulsive power as and when required.
Integrated approach for better fuels
Fuels have a decisive role to play with regard to future reductions in CO2. Apart from ethanol or natural gas, the primary energy sources in question here are the next-generation fuels extracted synthetically from biomass or natural gas. These customised fuels improve the combustion processes inside the engine, resulting in a far healthier emissions balance sheet.
Of particular interest in this respect is SunFuel which is made from biomass. When this fuel combusts, it releases no more carbon dioxide than the plants which went into making it would have extracted from the atmosphere beforehand. The first facilities for industrial-scale production of these fuels are currently being built. Audi is giving its full backing to this integrated approach for better fuels under the umbrella of the Volkswagen Group.
Alternative fuels
Alternative fuel types are gaining in importance around the world. Natural gas, for example, is being used increasingly in a number of countries as a more cost-effective energy source with a lower CO2 content. Here, Audi has devised a concept for using CNG (Compressed Natural Gas). It is based on the TFSI engine and retains such strengths as its mighty pulling power even when running in natural-gas mode. The reduction in CO2 emissions of up to 20 percent in CNG mode can therefore be enjoyed without having to compromise on driving pleasure in any way. Moreover, the ingenious packaging still allows full use to be made of the luggage compartment and the vehicle's versatility despite the addition of the natural gas tank.
The same applies to the ethanol drive system from Audi. It is designed to run on fuel consisting of up to 85 percent ethanol – again without any loss of dynamism or sportiness. And yet, the CO2 output of such a drive system is around 75 percent lower when running on second-generation bioethanol than when it is burning conventional petroleum-based fuel.
The driver’s crucial influence
Audi will continue to demonstrate its renowned “Vorsprung durch Technik” to the customer with all manner of technical solutions. It goes without saying, however, that it is the drivers themselves who bear a large part of the responsibility for driving in a manner that burns less fuel. The individual driving style can influence fuel consumption and, as a result, emissions by as much as 30 percent – without any great difference in speed or dynamism. Driver awareness and attentiveness are the decisive factors here. Audi will additionally provide support systems that help drivers modify their driving style for optimum fuel consumption. One example of such a driver aid is the gearshift indicator that is already included as standard on the e models and the new A5 and displays the optimum gear for the current driving situation.
Extra efficiency at the push of a button
Audi has already unveiled a vehicle that gives drivers the option of selecting an especially fuel-efficient mode for certain situations at the push of a button with its Cross Coupé quattro study. In the “efficiency” mode, the engine and the gearbox mapping are switched over to a more economical operating programme, the power draw of the main consumers and comfort modules is restricted, and the cruise control system is programmed to give priority to low fuel consumption. This mode is selected intentionally by the customer and is accompanied by a slight reduction in both power and comfort. Apart from this, as the navigation system's road data becomes even more precise in future it will be used for particularly economical routing and vehicle guidance.
With the help of its clean-running diesel power units and integrated efficiency strategy, Audi is set to hone the sporty and elegant character, the sense of driving pleasure and the high-class quality of its models whilst continuing to reduce their emissions.
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